They say in Russia, “don’t go into the water without knowing where the ford”. That’s why you can’t get through a swamp without a pole.

Saint-Petersburg, for example, was built predominantly in swampy areas and has never been affected by destructive earthquakes. At the other end of our country, there is Sakhalin Island, for which tsunamis, earthquakes and typhoons are commonplace, and on the island’s capital, springs are are breaking out of the ground.

In order to determine whether the piece of land is suitable for facility construction, whether facility will not ‘sail away’ in the spring, whether facility will be collected from straw or constructed in stone, it is customary to carry out preliminary studies at the site of future construction and in some cases submit the results of the studies to the competent authorities for expert conclusion.

Laatu’s engineering surveys will help you eliminate the scenario of the “Three Little Pigs” story: we will survey the soil on the site, obtain topographic and geodesic materials, and minimise (or eliminate) the adverse environmental consequences of construction.

Инженерные изыскания. Инженерно-геологический разрез.

For performance of works on designing the client (propety developer) should transfer to the design organisation as the initial data for designing materials of engineering researches in volume necessary and sufficient for working out of the design documentation. Typical engineering surveys include geodetic, geological and environmental surveys. In some cases, additional hydro-meteorological, geotechnical and other surveys may be required.

Geodetic surveys are works aimed at obtaining information about the terrain and the situation in the area. They serve as the basis for designing and performing other types of surveys and examinations.

In the course of geodetic surveys, the following works are performed:

  • Creation of a geodetic and planning-high-altitude substantiation;
  • topographic surveying plan of different scales (mainly large ones);
  • tracing of linear structures;
  • geodetic reference of geological excavations, hydrological shafts,points for geophysical survey .

Geodetic surveys are works to determine the characteristics, composition, geological complexity of soil, hydrogeological and other conditions.

A geological surveys for design and construction includes a standard set of works:

  • reconnaissance of the survey area;
  • obtaining raw data and analysing it;
  • fieldwork in accordance with SP 47.13330.2016. Code of Rules. Engineering surveys for construction. Main principles. Updated version of SNiP 11-02-96″;
  • Soil and groundwater sampling;
  • Determination of physical and mechanical features of the soil;
  • desk processing of materials;
  • drafting of a technical report;
  • obtaining of a notice for work performance, registration of the report with the relevant authority;

Also, addition works could be included in geological surveys composition:

  • static sensing;
  • stamp tests;
  • stabilometric tests on the supporting (bearing) geological elements for piles;
  • pore pressure determination in static sensing tests;
  • determination of the filtration coefficient;
  • determination of consolidated drainage test characteristics in accordance with GOST 12248-2010 (shear tests);
  • site hydrogeological conditions (express pouring/pumping);
  • other types of tests.

Environmental studies for construction provide an opportunity to comprehensively examine the environmental situation of construction site and identify the conditions for carrying out various activities, as well as to determine the environmental impact of these activities. The final results of environmental engineering surveys for construction are the most important tool for developing environmental by designers and developers and hygienic measures and forming an environmental justification for construction. The technical report on engineering and environmental surveys is usually includes:

  • protocols and expert conclusions of accredited laboratories by type of research;
  • data on background concentrations of pollutants in the air;
  • reference on climatic characteristics.

Hydrometeorological survey is a set of works that provides for the study of hydrometeorological conditions of the construction area and forecasts possible changes in these conditions as a result of interaction with the designed facility in order to obtain necessary and sufficient materials and data for making informed design decisions.

С помощью этих изысканий можно оценить состояние гидрологического режима исследуемой территории, климатических условий и отдельных метеорологических показателей, опасных гидрометеорологических явлений и процессов, а также антропогенных и техногенных изменений климатических и гидрологических условий – в общем, всего, что может доставить трудности в процессе строительства. !!!

When Engineering and hydrometeorological surveys the subjects to survey are:

  • hydrological regime (rivers, lakes, reservoirs, swamps, estuaries, temporary watercourses, coastal and shelf sea zones);
  • climatic conditions and certain meteorological characteristics;
  • dangerous hydrometeorological processes and phenomena;
  • technogenic changes in hydrological and climatic conditions or their individual characteristics.

Engineering-geotechnical surveys for construction are works to study features of soils and subsoil massifs used as the base for structures, underground environment for underground structures, and to assess the stability of natural and anthropogenic subsoil massifs, slopes and slopes

As a rule, engineering-geological surveys are carried out additionally or in combination with engineering and geological surveys in follows cases:

  • construction of facilities of high level of responsibility and unique;
  • construction of facilities which have a depth more than 10 m in the underground part;
  • construction of objects in conditions of dense urban development;
  • construction of facilities at areas with development of hazardous geological and engineering-geological processes

Types of work on engineering surveys are listed in Order of the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation dated 30.12.2009 No. 624 “On approval of the List of types of work on engineering surveys, on preparation of design documentation, on construction, reconstruction, capital repair of capital construction objects that affect the safety of capital construction objects”.

Laatu is a member of a self-regulatory organisation based on the membership of entities performing engineering surveys. We provide the following survey management services:

  • selecting a survey organisation wich carry out engineering surveys required for the design;
  • agreeing on an engineering survey programme;
  • control over the terms, scope and quality of engineering survey work;
  • organisation of creation of a geodetic basic network and drawing up an act of certification of the geodetic breakdown basis of a capital construction object;
  • arranging the breakdown of the geodesic axes of the capital construction object in the field and drawing up the relevant act before the start of construction work.

The work on creation of geodetic basic network makes it possible to pinpoint the location of base points and planes on the ground. The quality of these works affects all subsequent construction and installation work.